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“Dreams and reality” are such close concepts to the human soul. Everyone wants to hide from worldly bustle in a dream world. This is not always possible, but you can turn to the literature, which contains many arguments that reveal these concepts.
- F.M. Dostoevsky called his novel Crime and Punishment a “psychological report of one crime.” The work tells of a man with a "wrong dream." Rodion Romanovich Raskolnikov, the protagonist of the novel, could not correctly bring his idea to life. A poor student living in a room similar to a coffin simply could not cope with the circumstances of the world around him. The hero believed that by killing the old woman-percent, she could change reality. He succumbed to the "Napoleonic" dream: to divide all people into "material" and "right having". It would seem that the ideological killer must commit a crime for the sake of improving his own situation, or for the "humiliated and offended." But the stolen money did not help anyone, and the disappearance of the moneylender deprived the poor of the opportunity to receive immediate financial assistance. This is the essence of the “wrong dream”: you cannot do good to people by exterminating one of them. Therefore, not all dreams should come true, because the dreamer can make a mistake and realize not at all what he wanted.
- The reality described in the novel itself pushes the hero to kill. Gloomy, poor, drunk and dissolute Petersburg presses on Rodion from all sides. The starting point of the crime is the conversation of two young people about a greedy old woman - an interest-bearing woman who deceives her clients. Raskolnikov thinks that the death of this greedy old woman will change reality. He put the stigma of the killer on himself twice (the sister of the mortgagor Lizaveta fell from his hand) and destroyed his already troubled personality. Killing is not a measure that can lead to a positive transformation of reality. This is just a path to self-destruction. This Rodion did not take into account, so he was not able to change the surrounding reality. If a person wants to change the world, then he needs to start with himself, and not with those whom he considers superfluous.
- One of the inhabitants of a poor and hopeless reality was Marmeladov, who drank the money so necessary for his family. Raskolnikov met him in one of the dirty drinking rooms. Marmeladov caused Rodion compassion, because the characters are very similar. Both of them are dreamers not of this world. Only now, a former official ruined himself and his family when his dreams began to diverge from reality. Once the hero was a prosperous person who wanted to help a poor widow, left with children and without a livelihood. His dream was the same rosy utopia as Rodion’s theory: to change people without loving them. Simon Zakharovich married an unloved woman, wanting only to help her financially, and not to start a family. As a result, he himself washed down, lost his job, sank to the bottom of his life and dragged all his loved ones behind him, and all because his captivating daydream turned into a nightmare in reality. Marmeladov was initially mistaken, trying to realize what is not feasible.
- Sonya Marmeladova also suffered from the gloomy and cruel reality. The girl was forced to live on a “yellow ticket” to feed her family. In the eyes of Raskolnikov, she became the embodiment of "all human suffering", which so burdened the hero. Once upon a time, a girl ran out of the house and went to sell herself. Late, she returned to her stepmother, and brought with her 30 rubles - this is the price of her shame. But, despite such a wretched and dirty life, the heroine was not disappointed in herself and in what surrounds her. She did not blame the cruel world and its laws for everything, because faith helped her to break free from the clutches of vice and come to terms with what was happening. A meek disposition helped her learn to understand people and help them disinterestedly, improving the world as much as possible. It was Sonya who helped Rodion submit to the pangs of conscience and confess to the murder by accepting the punishment. It was she who supported the whole family, saving the stepmother’s children from starvation. This girl is living proof that the world can be changed on its own, but you need to start with what you can do.
- It is necessary to realize dreams, but by no means in all ways. There are methods that will turn any dream into a waking nightmare. For example, Rodion's noble desire to improve the world did not lead him to the desired result. Petersburg remained in the grip of poverty and powerlessness, despite the disappearance of Alena Ivanovna. So, it was not at all the cause of all the troubles, and it certainly was not worth killing. Raskolnikov’s act is not salvation and unacceptable revenge, but cruel persecution of society itself, which after each murder loses faith in its own security and becomes even more unhappy. Having heard about the next violence, any city dweller will think: “Can the authorities really do nothing? Then I will go and do what I want. " Therefore, violent and illegal methods are in no way suitable for the realization of a bright and moral dream, since they only harm people.
- Dreams should always be interconnected with reality, otherwise a person will do not at all what he really needs. An example is the intention of Duni Raskolnikova. She wanted to save her family from poverty and provide her brother with a decent education, but she could not work, since the master, whom she served as a governess, molested her and disgraced the whole county. As a result, there was only one way out for the woman of that time: to marry a rich man. So the heroine decided to do it, finding a groom - a prudent and selfish man. She did not love Luzhin, and he saw in Dunya only a submissive slave, obliged to obey him in everything. But, in the end, the girl became disappointed in the chosen one and realized that none of her family members wanted this victim. Duni's unhappy marriage will make them unhappy, and no money will help. The girl simply did not want to see this, believing that her decision was the best and noble remedy for ills. Seeing her mistake, the reader must conclude: one cannot leave reality in the realm of illusions, even dreams must be adjusted in accordance with what surrounds us.
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